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Fundamentals of Biochemistry
This paper will enable students to understand - • The nature of biological material and hierarchy of molecular organization of cells • The thermodynamic principles underlying biochemical reactions • The function of macromolecules • The reaction mechanism and regulation of enzyme activity
Cell: Chemical components, Molecular Hierarchy
Types of interactions in molecular and supramolecular complexes
Laws of thermodynamics, Nature of biochemical reactions and DG values, Reversible and Irreversible reactions
Water and the aqueous environment
Buffers: Concept of pH, pK, acids, bases
Structure of monosaccharide (trioses, pentoses & hexoses), disaccharides (sucrose, maltose, lactose), polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose, peptidoglycan)
Fundamental Properties: Stereoisomerism and mutarotation
Biochemical structure of nucleic acid
Biological functions of Nucleic Acids. The central Dogma and its exceptions. Structure of essential and non-essential amino acids
Peptide bond, structural hierarchy of protein
Protein classification on the basis of structure and function
Biological functions of proteins
Structure and nomenclature of fatty acids
Classification of lipids (triacylglycerols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols)
Membrane lipids
Biological functions of lipids
Classification and nomenclature of enzymes
Mechanism of enzyme action, Michaelis- Menton kinetics
Coenzymes, Enzyme inhibition, Allosteric enzymes
Regulation of enzyme activity
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1. Physical Biochemistry, D Friefelder, W.H. Freeman & Company, 17th Reprint, 1999. 2. Understanding Chemistry, CNR Rao, Universities Press, Hyderabad 1999. 3. A Biologist's Guide to Principles and Techniques of Practical Biochemistry, K Wilson & K H Goulding, ELBS Edition 1986. 4. Essentials of Molecular Biology, David Friefelder, Jones and Barllett Publications, 7th Reprint, 2001. 5. Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, J Kendrew, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. 6. Instant Notes- Biochemistry, B D Hames and N.M. Hooper, Viva Books Pvt, Ltd., 1st Indian Edition, 2001.
