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Microbial Physiology and Diversity
To enable students to- • Understand Photosynthesis in microbes. • Understand different type of bacterial fermentations. • To learn about different types of chemolithotropic pathways. • To have an overview of nitrogen metabolism, purines and puyrimidines. • To learn about signaling mechanisms and microbial response to stress
Utilization of lactose , galactose, maltose. Alcoholic fermentation, lactate fermentation homo and heterolactic fermentations, butyrate and butanol acetone fermentation, mixed acid fermentations. Rumen as an anaerobic system
Oxygenic photosynthetic microbes and anoxygenic photosynthetic microbes. Brief account of photosynthetic and accessory pigments- chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophylls, rhodopsin, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins; oxygenic-anoxygenic photosynthesis, autotrophic generation of ATP Carbohydrates - anabolism; fixation of CO2 - Calvin cycle
Oxidative transformation of metals: sulphur oxidation, iron oxidation, ammonia oxidation and hydrogen oxidation. Microbial diversity in anoxic ecosystem - methanogens - reduction of carbon monoxide - reduction of iron, sulphur, manganese, nitrate and oxygen
Biological nitrogen fixation process, components of nitrogenase enzyme, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, Denitrification, biosynthesis and degradation of amino acids. Biosynthesis and degradation of purines and pyrimidines, salvage pathway.
Prokaryotic signaling, Two component signaling systems Quorum sensing and bacterial pheromones, intracellular signaling, signaling pathways. Microbial stress response, stress proteins Cold and heat shocks, oxidative, and starvation stress. Bioluminescence.
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