Microbiology

Paper Code: 
BTE 123
Credits: 
5
Contact Hours: 
75
Objective: 

to enable students to-

  • understand the importance of taxonomy
  • Study microbial growth and cell structure.
  • Learn about diversity present among micro organisms.
  • Study host – parasite relationship and antibiotic action.
  • Study various microbial diseases.
16.00
Unit I: 
Taxonomy

Microbial evolution, systematic and taxonomy-Evolution of earth and earliest life forms; primitive organisms, their metabolic strategies and molecular coding; approaches to bacterial taxonomy, DNA-DNA and DNA-RNA hybridization, G+C content determination, ribotyping, Ribosomal RNA sequencing; Characteristics of primary domains, Taxonomy, Nomenclature and Bergey's Manual. Culture collection, maintenance and preservation of microorganisms.

13.00
Unit II: 
Structural characteristics of Prokaryotes, Microbial growth and nutritional classification

Cell wall composition and synthesis. Flagella, Cilia and motility. Cell inclusions like Glycogen granules, Volutin granules, Carboxysomes etc, Endospores, Slime sheet and capsule. Microbial Growth-The definition of growth, mathematical expression of growth, growth curve, measurement of growth and growth yields, Synchronous growth, Continuous, Batch and Fed Batch Culture; Growth as affected by environmental factors like temperature, acidity, alkalinity, water availability and oxygen; nutritional classification of microorganisms

10.00
Unit III: 
Microbial Diversity – I

Bacteria: Photosynthetic bactyeria (cyanobacteria, purple & green bacteria) budding bacteria, Spirochaetes, Sheathed bacteria, Endospore forming rods and cocci, Mycobacteria, Rickettsias, Chlamydias and Mycoplasma, Actinomycetes.

16.00
Unit IV: 
Microbial Diversity – II

Structure of archebacteria and eukaryotic cells. Archaea: Archaea as earliest life forms; Halophiles, Methanogens; Hyperthermophilic archaea and Thermo plasma, Eukarya: Algae, Fungi, Slime molds and Protozoa. Chemolithotrophy; Hydrogen, Iron, Nitrate and oxidizing bacteria; Nitrate and sulfate reduction; Syntrophy; Role of anoxic decomposition; Nitrogen fixation

20.00
Unit V: 
Host Parasite Relationships and Chemotherapy

Normal micro flora of skin, oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract. Anaerobic ecosystem- Rumen microbiology. Entry of pathogens into the host; colonization and factors predisposing to infections; types of toxins (Exotoxin, Endotoxin and Enterotoxin) and their structure; mode of actions; virulence and pathogenesis Disease reservoirs; Epidemiological terminologies; infectious disease transmission; Emerging and resurgent infectious diseases (Tuberculosis chicken pox, AIDS, hepatitis Malaria) Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial agents; Sulfa drugs; Antibiotics; Pencillins and Cephalosporins; Broad-Spectrum antibiotics; Antibiotics from prokaryotes; Antifungal antibiotics; Mode of action; Resistance to antibiotics.

ESSENTIAL READINGS: 

1. Basic and Practical Microbiology, Ronald M Atlas, Mac Millan Company New York, 1989 2. Biology of Microorganisms, T D Brock, M T Madigan, (10th edition), Pearson education, Inc., 2003 3. General microbiology, H S Schlegel, (7th edition),Cambridge University Press, 1995 4. Microbiology , Prescott, Harley, Klein, (6th edition), Mc Graw Hill Companies, 2005 5. Microbiology Fundamentals and Applications , R M Atlas, (2nd edition), Maxwell Macmillan International edition, 1989 6. Microbiology-a Laboratory Manual, J G Cappuccino and N Sherman, (6th edition),Addison Wesley, Pearson education, Inc., 2006 7. Microbial diversity: current perspectives and potential applications, Satynarayana T. & Johri B.N. I.K. International Pvt. Ltd. 2005 8. Text book of Microbiology, R Ananthnarayanan and C K J Paniker, Orient Longman, 1997 9. Microbial Physiology, (4th edition ), by A.G. Moat ,J.W.Foster and M.P. Spector. Wiley Liss publications 2002.

REFERENCES: 

1. Bacterial Pathogenesis. A Molecular Approach, A A Salyers and D D Whitt, ASM Press, 1994 2. Foundation in Microbiology, K P Talaro and A Talaro, (4th edition), Mc Graw Hill, 2002 3. General Microbiology, R Y Stanier, J L Ingharam, M L Wheelies, P R Painter, Mac Millan Education Ltd, 1999 4. Laboratory Fundamentals of Microbiology, I E Alcamo, Jones and Barlett publishers, 2001 5. Medical Microbiology and Immunology: Examination and Board Review, Warren Levinson and Ernst Jawetz, (7th edition), Mc Graw Hill, 2002 6. Microbial Diversity, D Colwd, Academic press, 1999. 7. Microbiology , M. J Pelczar, E C S Chan, N R Kreig, (5th edition), Tata Mc Graw Publication, 2006 8. Prokaryotic Development, Y V Burn. & L J Shimkets, ASM Press, 2000

Academic Year: 
2018-2019
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