Advance Paper-II Paper IV: Reproductive Biology

Paper Code: 
25LSC144C
Credits: 
04
Contact Hours: 
60

UNITS

TOPICS

TEACHING HOURS

Unit I

Biology of Spermatozoa and Ovum: Structure, Development and Function :

  • The female reproductive system: anatomy and physiology of the mammalian ovary and ductal system. Follicular growth, ovarian hormones, two cell theory of estrogen biosynthesis. Autocrine, Paracrine and endocrine regulation of ovarian functions.
  • The male reproductive system: anatomy and physiology of the mammalian testis and the sex accessory glands; Functional Organization of testis, spermatogenic cycle. Testicular androgens, autocrine, paracrine,and endocrine regulation of testicular functions. Semen and its biochemical nature

12

Unit II

Regulation of reproduction :

  • The pituitary gland : Functional cytology, denohypophyseal hormones, their chemistry and physiology
  • The Hypothalamus and its neurosecretory centres:Structure of neurosecretory cells, the hypothathalamic principles: synthesis, storage, release and chemistry.
  • The phenomenon of neuroendocrine integration and the hypothalamo- hypophyseal- gonadal axis.
  • Role of Thyroid, Pineal and Adrenal glands in reproduction
  • Miscellaneous factors affecting reproduction: nutrition. light, temperature, pheromones, environmental disruptors.

12

Unit III

Diagnosis of male infertility

  • Semen analysis: Physical examinations, microscopic examinations, biochemical analysis, Immunological tests.
  • Sperm function tests: Sperm mitochondrial Hypo-Osmotic Swelling (HOS)Test, Acrosome, reaction.  Acrosome Intactness (AI) test.
  • Endocrinological diagnosis.

12

Unit IV

Reproductive Toxicology:

  • Female reproduction-(Hypothalamus, ovary assessment of female reproductive functions),
  • Male reproduction-(Biology of male reproduction,assessment of male reproductive function)

12

Unit V

Reproductive Techniques:

  • Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)
  • Super ovulation, Oocyte collection.
  • Collection and preparation of sperm for assisted fertilization.
  • Insemination.
  • In- vitro fertilization and related techniques (IVF, GIFT, ZIFT, TET, ICSl).
  • Cryopreservation of semen, oocytes and embryos.
  • Teratological effects of Xenobiotics
  • Pre-natal diagnosis
  • Impact of aging, Hormone Replacement Therapy

12

 

ESSENTIAL READINGS: 

 

  • Ball, G.H. Davidson, J.N. & Scarburough, H.,:Text book of physiology & Biochemistry E. & S. Livingstone Ltd. London (1956). .
  • Bast, C.H. & Tayler, N.B. :Physiological basis of medical practices, Dilkins Co. Baltimore. (1957).
  • Guyton A.G.:Text book of Medical Physiology, 7th ed. Saunders Publishers (1986).
  • Hoar, W.S. :General and comparative Animal physiology 3rd ed. Prentice Hall, Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi (1983).
  • Scheer: General Physiology
  • Schmidt Nielsen, K. Animal Physiology, Adaptations & Environment, Cambridge Univ. Press (1975).
  • Tumer CII. General Endocrinology. W.B. Daunders, Tippan Co. Ltd. Tokyo, Japan (1966).
  • Schmidt Nielsen, K.: Animal Physiology, Adaptations & Environment Cambridge Press (1975).
  • Tumer CII: General Endocrinology, W.B. Saunders, Tippan Co. Ltd. Tokyo, Japan (1966).
  • General and Comparative Endocrinology, E.J.W. Barrington. Oxford. Clarendon Press.
  • Text Book of Endocrinology, R.H. Williams. W.B. Saunders.
  • Endocrine Physiology. C.R. Martin. Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Assali,N.S.: Biology of Gestation.VolI and II. Academic press, New York.
  • Birkhead T.K. and Moller A.P. :Sperm competition and sexual selection. Academic press,London,1998.
  • Cole, H.h. ,Cupps P.T.: Reproduction in domestic animals.
  • Dorfman, R.I.: Methods in hormone research (Vol I and Vol II) . Academic press, New York.1962.
  • Edwards R.G. and Brody S,A.: Principles and practice of assisted human reproduction. W.b. Saunders Co., Philadelphia,1995.

 

Academic Year: 
2025-2026
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