Biochemistry

Paper Code: 
BIF 125
15.00
Unit I: 
Chemical foundations of Biology

pH, pK, acids, bases, buffers, chemical bonds, Bioenergetics: Principles of thermodynamics: free energy, important energy, rich molecules, standard free energy change, concept of redox reactions. Principles of self assembly, Hierarchy of molecular organization of living systems.

10.00
Unit II: 
Amino acids and proteins

Classification, Chemical Reactions and Physical Properties, purification and criteria for homogeneity, structural organization of proteins- primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure. Conformational analysis. Ramachandran plot.

15.00
Unit III: 
Carbohydrates

Classification and reactions, types, structural features. Metabolism of carbohydrates, main sources of carbohydrates, enzymatic conversion and mobilization as glucoses or fructoses, glycolysis, Krebs cycle, terminal oxidation/ oxidative phosphorylation, mechanism of ATP synthesis, rate controlling steps and regulation.

15.00
Unit IV: 
Lipids

Classification, Structure and functions, Biosynthesis of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, Metabolism of Lipid and fat bodies: Beta-oxidation and channeling of the products to ATP production: minor pathway of fatty acid oxidation, (alpha and omega oxidation), Biosynthesis of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, Ketone bodies, membrane lipids-cholesterol, phospholipid and glycolipid; biosynthesis of fat soluble vitamins; biosynthesis of Eicosonoids (prostaglandin, leucotriens and thromboxane).

20.00
Unit V: 
Enzymes

Kinetics: Rate of reactions, specific activity, molecular activity, Km, Kcat, Michaelis- Menten and  Line weaver Burk plot, enzyme inhibition, mechanism of enzyme catalysis (acid-base electrostatic, metal ion, free radicals, transition state binding and covalent catalysis, proximity and orientation effects, contribution of strain.  Factors affecting enzyme activity, enzyme inhibition. Allosteric enzymes and bisubstrate reactions. Rationale for modification of enzyme function, Enzyme Engineering: modification of structure and catalytic properties of enzymes     

ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
  1. D.Voet and J.G.Voet. “Biochemistry”. 2nd Edition.  John Wiley & Sons, 1995.
  2. Lehninger ,Nelson and Cox. “Principles of Biochemistry”. 3rd Edition, 1999.
  3. Keith Wilson and John Walker. “Principles and Techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”. 6th Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
  4. W.H. Elliot and Daphne C. Elliot. “Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”. 3rd Edition. Oxford University Press, 2005.
  5. J. David Rawn. “Biochemistry”. 1st Indian Reprint. Panima Publishing Corporation, 2004.
REFERENCES: 
  1. D Friefelder, W.H. Freeman & Company. “Physical Biochemistry”, 17th Reprint, 1999.
  2. CNR Rao. “Understanding Chemistry”, University Press, Hyderabad, 1999.
  3. K.Wilson & KH Goulding. “A Biologist's Guide to Principles and Techniques of Practical Biochemistry”, ELBS Edition, 1986.
  4. David Friefelder. “Essentials of Molecular Biology”, 7th Reprint, Jones and Barllett Publications,2001.
  5. B.D. Hames and N.M. Hooper. “Instant Notes- Biochemistry” 1st Indian Edition,  Viva Books Pvt, Ltd.,2001.
Academic Year: 
2018-2019
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