DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT

Identification of target or drug leads associated with a particular disease by a number

of different techniques including combinations of molecular modeling, combinatorial

libraries and high-throughput screening (HTS); Conceptualizing the automation of the

HTS process and the importance of bioinformatics and data processing in identification

of lead compounds; Rational drug design, based on understanding the three-dimensional

structures and physicochemical properties of drugs and receptors; Modelling drug/

receptor interactions with the emphasis on molecular mechanisms, molecular dynamics

simulations and homology modelling; Conformational sampling, macromolecular

folding, structural bioinformatics, receptor-based and ligand-based design and docking

methods, in silico screening of libraries, semi-empirical and ab-initio methods, QSAR

methods, molecular diversity, design of combinatorial libraries of drug-like molecules,

macromolecular and chemical databases.

Identification of relevant groups on a molecule that interact with a receptor and are

responsible for biological activity; Understanding structure activity relationship;

Structure modification to increase potency and therapeutic index; Concept of

quantitative drug design using Quantitative structure–activity relationship models

(QSAR models) based on the fact that the biological properties of a compound are a

function of its physicochemical parameters such as solubility, lipophilicity, electronic

effects, ionization, stereochemistry, etc.; Bioanalytical assay development in support of

in vitro and in vivo studies (LC/MS/MS, GC/MS and ELISA).

Principles of drug absorption, drug metabolism and distribution - intestinal absorption,

metabolic stability, drug-drug interactions, plasma protein binding assays, metabolite

profile studies, Principles of toxicology, Experimental design for preclinical and clinical

PK/PD/TK studies, Selection of animal model; Regulatory guidelines for preclinical PK/

PD/TK studies; Scope of GLP, SOP for conduct of clinical & non clinical testing, control

on animal house, report preparation and documentation Integration of non-clinical and

pre-clinical data to aid design of clinical studies.

Requirements of GMP implementation, Documentation of GMP practices, CoA,

Regulatory certification of GMP, Quality control and Quality assurance, concept

and philosophy of TQM, ICH and ISO 9000; ICH guidelines for Manufacturing,

Understanding Impurity Qualification Data, Stability Studies.

Objectives of Phase I, II, III and IV clinical studies, Clinical study design, enrollment,

sites and documentation, Clinical safety studies: Adverse events and adverse drug

reactions, Clinical PK, pharmacology, drug-drug interaction studies, Statistical analysis

and documentation.

Global Regulatory Affairs and different steps involved, Regulatory Objectives, Regulatory

Agencies; FDA guidelines on IND and NDA submissions, Studies required for IND and

NDA submissions for oncology, HIV, cardiovascular indications, On-label vs. off-label

drug use GCP and Requirements of GCP Compliance, Ethical issues and Compliance

to current ethical guidelines, Ethical Committees and their set up, Animal Ethical issues

and compliance.