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Environmental Biotechnology
This course aims to introduce fundamentals of Environmental Biotechnology. The course will introduce major groups of microorganisms and tools in biotechnology and their most important environmental applications. The environmental applications of biotechnology will be presented in detail and will be supported by examples from the national and international literature.
CO97A: Acquaint with biodiversity, microbial ecology and its importance
CO98A: Assess role of microbes in biodegradation and bioremediation of xenobiotics
CO99A: Assess application of microorganisms in various techniques of Bioremediation
CO100A: Apply the microbial systems to agricultural biotechnology
CO101A: Understand the applied aspect of Environmental Biotechnology
CO102A: Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction
Introduction to environment; pollution and its control; pollution indicators; waste management: domestic, industrial, solid and hazardous wastes; strain improvement; Biodiversity and its conservation; Role of microorganisms in geochemical cycles; microbial energy metabolism, microbial growth kinetics and elementary chemostat theory, relevant microbiological processes, microbial ecology.
Bioremediation: Fundamentals, methods and strategies of application (biostimulation, bioaugmentation) – examples, bioremediation of metals (Cr, As, Se, Hg), radionuclides (U, Te), organic pollutants (PAHs, PCBs, Pesticides, TNT etc.), technological aspects of bioremediation (in situ, ex situ).
Application of bacteria and fungi in bioremediation: White rot fungi vs specialized degrading bacteria: examples, uses and advantages vs disadvantages; Phytoremediation: Fundamentals and description of major methods of application (phytoaccumulation, phytovolatilization, rhizofiltration phytostabilization).
Bio insecticides: Bacillus thuringiensis, Baculoviruses, uses, genetic modifications and aspects of safety in their use; Bio fungicides: Description of mode of actions and mechanisms (e.g. Trichoderma, Pseudomonas fluorescens); Bio fertilizers: Symbiotic systems between plants – microorganisms (nitrogen fixing symbiosis, mycorrhiza fungi symbiosis), Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) – uses, practical aspects and problems in application.
Environmental Biotechnology and biofuels: biogas; bioethanol; biodiesel; bio hydrogen; Description of the industrial processes involved, microorganisms and biotechnological interventions for optimization of production; Microbiologically enhanced oil recovery (MEOR); Bioleaching of metals; Production of bioplastics; Production of bio surfactants: bio emulsifiers; Paper production: use of xylanases and white rot fungi.
- Plant, Gene and crop Biotechnology, M.J. Chrispeel and D.E. Sadava ASPB 2003.
- Textbook of Environmental Biotechnology, P.K Mohapatra, I K International Publications, Mumbai 2006.
- Environmental Chemistry, A.K. De, Willey Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
- Microbial Ecology- Fundamentals and applications. Ronald. M. Atlas, Richard Bartha. Pearson Education. 2005.
- Environmental Biotechnology – Basic concepts and applications, Indu Shekhar Thakur, I K International publications. 2006
- Wastewater Engineering- Treatment, Disposal and Resuse, Metcalf and Eddy, Inc., Tata McGraw Hill, Delhi.1999
- Comprehensive Biotechnology, vol.4, M. Moo- Young (Ed-in-chief), Pergamon Press, Oxford. 2004
- Bioextraction and Biodeterioration of Metals (Biology of World Resources. Christine C. Gaylarde (Editor), Hector A. Videla (Editor), Dennis Allsopp (Foreword). Cambridge University Press. 2009
- Handbook of Material Biodegradation, Biodeterioration, and Biostablization. Michalina Falkiewicz-Dulik, Katarzyna Janda Dr., George Wypych. ChemTec Publishing. 2010
- Environmental Biotechnology. Theory and Applications. Gareth M. EvansJudith C. Furlong. Wiley. 2003
