Fundamentals of Biochemistry

Paper Code: 
BTE 101
Credits: 
03
Contact Hours: 
45
Objective: 

 

This paper will enable students to understand -
 

  1. The nature of biological material and hierarchy of molecular organization of cells.
  2. The thermodynamic principles underlying biochemical reactions and the function of macromolecules.
  3. The students will learn the concept of enzyme catalysis, reaction mechanism and regulation of  enzyme activity

 

      Course Outcomes (COs):                                                                                   

Course

Learning outcome (at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Paper Code

Paper Title

 

BTE 101

Fundamentals of Biochemistry

CO 1Understand the concepts of electrolytes and electrolytic dissociation, pH and its biological significance, buffers, Henderson.-Hasselbalch equation, biological buffer systems and their importance.

 

CO 2Understand the laws of thermodynamics , concepts of entropy, enthalpy and free energy  changes and their application to biological systems and various biochemical studies and reactions.

 

        

CO 3Overview of major biomolecules –carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, aminoacids, nucleic acids, classification.

 

CO 4Structure, function of the above mentioned biomolecules

 

 

CO 5Conceptual knowledge of properties, structure, function of enzymes, enzyme kinetics and their regulation

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Reading assignments, presentations

 

Learning activities for the students:

Self learning assignments, Effective questions, Seminar presentation, Giving tasks.

 

C A test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Assignments, Classroom interaction

 

 

 

 

10.00
Unit I: 
Nature of Biomolecules and Thermodynamics

UNIT I                               10hrs Cell:  Chemical components, Molecular Hierarchy

Types of interactions in molecular and supramolecular complexes

Laws of thermodynamics, Nature of biochemical reactions and DG values, Reversible and Irreversible reactions

Water and the aqueous environment

Buffers: Concept of pH, pK, acids, bases

 

7.00
Unit II: 
Carbohydrates

Structure of monosaccharide (trioses, pentoses & hexoses), disaccharides (sucrose, maltose, lactose), polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose, peptidoglycan)Fundamental Properties: Stereoisomerism and mutarotation

 

11.00
Unit III: 
Nucleic Acids & Proteins

Biochemical structure of nucleic acid

Biological functions of Nucleic Acids. The central Dogma and its exceptions

Structure of essential and non-essential amino acids

Peptide bond, structural hierarchy of protein

Protein classification on the basis of structure and function                                        Biological functions of proteins

7.00
Unit IV: 
Lipids

Structure and nomenclature of fatty acids

Classification of lipids (triacylglycerols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols)

Membrane lipids

Biological functions of lipids

 

10.00
Unit V: 
Enzymes

Classification and nomenclature of enzymes                                                                   

Mechanism of enzyme action, Michaelis- Menton kinetics

Coenzymes, Enzyme inhibition, Allosteric enzymes

Regulation of enzyme activity

ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
  1. Biochemistry, D.Voet and J.G.Voet, John Wiley & Sons, 2nd Edition, 1995.
  2. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson and Cox, 3rd Edition, 1999.
  3. Principles and Techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Edited by Keith Wilson and John Walker, Cambridge University Press, 6th Edition, 2007.
  4. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology by W.H. Elliot and Daphne C. Elliot, Oxford University Press, 3rd Edition, 2005.
  5. Biochemistry, J. David Rawn, Panima Publishing Corporation, 1st Indian Reprint, 2004.
REFERENCES: 
  1.  Physical Biochemistry, D Friefelder, W.H. Freeman & Company, 17th Reprint, 1999.
  2. Understanding Chemistry, CNR Rao, Universities Press, Hyderabad 1999.
  3. A Biologist's Guide to Principles and Techniques of Practical Biochemistry, K.Wilson & KH Goulding, ELBS Edition 1986.
  4. Essentials of Molecular Biology, David Friefelder, Jones and Barllett Publications,7th Reprint, 2001.
  5. Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, J.Kendrew, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
  6. Instant Notes- Biochemistry by B.D. Hames and N.M. Hooper, Viva Books Pvt, Ltd., 1st Indian Edition, 2001.

 

Academic Year: 
2020-2021
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