FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY

Paper Code: 
BTE 101
Credits: 
3
Contact Hours: 
45
Objective: 

Upon completion of the course the learner will:

CO 1: Understand the concepts of electrolytes and electrolytic dissociation, pH and its biological significance, buffers, Henderson -Hasselbalch equation, biological buffer systems and their importance.

CO2: Understand the laws of thermodynamics and apply them to biological systems and various biochemical studies and reactions.

CO3: Classify amino acids on the basis of functional groups and apply them in building hierarchy of protein structure.

CO4: Classify carbohydrates and lipids on the basis of structure and function.

CO5: List the biological functions of various biomolecules

CO6: Understand the mechanism of enzyme action

 

10.00
Unit I: 
Nature of Biomolecules and Thermodynamics
  • Cell:  Chemical components, Molecular Hierarchy
  • Types of interactions in molecular and supramolecular complexes
  • Laws of thermodynamics, Nature of biochemical reactions and DG values, Reversible and Irreversible reactions
  • Water and the aqueous environment
  • Buffers: Concept of pH, pK, acids, bases

 

7.00
Unit II: 
Carbohydrates
  • Structure of monosaccharide (trioses, pentoses & hexoses), disaccharides (sucrose, maltose, lactose), polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose, peptidoglycan)
  • Fundamental Properties: Stereoisomerism and mutarotation

 

11.00
Unit III: 
Nucleic Acids & Proteins
  • Biochemical structure of nucleic acid
  • Biological functions of Nucleic Acids. The central Dogma and its exceptions
  • Structure of essential and non-essential amino acids
  • Peptide bond, structural hierarchy of protein
  • Protein classification on the basis of structure and function                      
  • Biological functions of proteins

 

7.00
Unit IV: 
Lipids
  • Structure and nomenclature of fatty acids
  • Classification of lipids (triacylglycerols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols)
  • Membrane lipids
  • Biological functions of lipids

 

10.00
Unit V: 
Enzymes
  • Classification and nomenclature of enzymes                                               
  • Mechanism of enzyme action, Michaelis- Menton kinetics
  • Coenzymes, Enzyme inhibition, Allosteric enzymes
  • Regulation of enzyme activity

        

 

ESSENTIAL READINGS: 

ESSENTIAL READINGS:

  • Biochemistry, D.Voet and J.G.Voet, John Wiley & Sons, (3rd Edition), 2004.
  • Principles of Biochemistry, Lehninger, Nelson and Cox, (8th Edition), 2021.
  • Principles and Techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Edited by Keith Wilson and John Walker, Cambridge University Press, (8th Edition), 2018.
  • Instant Notes- Biochemistry (1st Indian Edition), B.D. Hames and N.M. Hooper, Viva Books Pvt, Ltd., 2001.

 

REFERENCES: 

SUGGESTED READINGS:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology by W.H. Elliot and Daphne C. Elliot, Oxford University Press, (3rd Edition), 2005.
  • Physical Biochemistry, D Friefelder, W.H. Freeman & Company, 17th Reprint, 1999.
  • Understanding Chemistry, CNR Rao, University Press, Hyderabad 1999.
  • Essentials of Molecular Biology, David Friefelder, Jones and Barllett Publications, 7th Reprint, 2001.

 

E-RESOURCES:

 

JOURNALS:

 

Academic Year: 
2022-2023
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