MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Paper Code: 
MBL 321
Credits: 
5
Contact Hours: 
75
Objective: 

Course Outcomes (COs):

              

           Course Outcomes

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

  
 

On completion of this course the learner will:

CO 75:  analyze the different aspects of host-microbe interactions will identify the role of resident flora in maintaining health and different types of virulence factors involved in establishing pathogenesis.

CO 76:   Evaluate the pathogenesis of bacterial diseases and identify the laboratory-based methods for their identification.

CO 77:   Understand the life cycle of pathogenic viruses, identify the methods for their diagnosis treatment and prophylaxis.

CO 78: Understand the life cycle of protozoans that cause human infections, identify the symptoms of the diseases, treatment and prophylaxis strategies.

CO 79:   Diagnose common infectious diseases from the clinical presentation and describe the epidemiology of infectious agents.

CO 80:   Differentiate, compare and contrast the mode of action of antibiotics, antifungal and antiviral agents and their resistance mechanisms. 

Interactive Lectures,

Discussion,

Tutorials,

Demonstrations,

Assignments

Reading Journals

Class test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems in tutorials, Assignments, Presentation

  

 

13.00
Unit I: 
Normal micro flora, pathogenesis and Biosafety Levels
  • Normal microbial flora of human body and its role, Opportunistic flora.
  • Pathogenesis, pathogenicity and virulence; Quantitative measures of virulence: minimal lethal dose (MLD), LD50, ID50, TCID50. Entry of pathogens into the host; colonization and mechanism of bacterial adhesion, establishment, virulence factors, exotoxins, endotoxins, their structure and mode of action.
  • Biosafety levels and Guidelies

 

12.00
Unit II: 
Pathogenic bacteria-I

Etiology, Pathogenicity, Epidemiology, Lab diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases caused by:

  • Pyogenic cocci- Staphylococci, Streptococci, Neisseria meningitides, N. gonococcus
  • Gram positive cocci- Clostridium tetani
  • Mycobacteria- M. tuberculosis, M. leprae
15.00
Unit III: 
Pathogenic bacteria II, Fungi and Protozoan

Etiology, Pathogenicity, Epidemiology, Lab diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases caused by

  • Enteric Gram negative bacteria- Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholera, E. coli
  • Spirochaetes- Treponema palladium
  • Chlamydiae- Trachoma, Rickettesial diseases, Diseases caused by Mycoplasma,
  • Pathogenic fungi- Candida albicans
  • Protozoan diseases – Malaria, Amoebiasis
15.00
Unit IV: 
Viral diseases
  • Animal viruses Epidemiology, life cycle, pathogenicity, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of RNA viruses- Picorna viruses - Poliomyelitis, Orthomyxoviruses- influenza, Paramyxoviruses- Mumps, Measles, retroviruses-HIV; DNA viruses; Pox virus- Variola and Vaccina, Herpes virus- Varicella Zoster virus, Hepatitis viruses, Arthropod borne (arbo) Viral disease- Dengu, SARS CoV-2
15.00
Unit V: 
Chemotherapy and Antimicrobial agents
  • Antibiotics: Mode of action and resistance mechanisms of β-lactams, glycopeptides, bacitracin, Polymyxins, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, chloramphenicol, quinolones, Sulfa drugs and trimethoprim, Antifungal and antiviral drugs. 
  •  Methods of drug susceptibility testing. Toxicological evaluation of drug (LD50, Acute, subacute and chronic toxicity), Mutagenicity (Ames test, micronucleus test) and Carcinogenicity. Phase I -IV of clinical trials of drugs.
ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
 
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis: A Molecular Approach.  Wilson, Brenda A.; Salyers, Abigail A.; Whitt, Dixie D; Winkler, Malcolm E. 3 ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press, 2011.
  • Brock biology of microorganisms. Madigan, M. T., Bender, K. S., Buckley, D. H., Sattley, W. M., & Stahl, D. A.16th ed Hoboken, NJ: Pearson Education, 2021
  • Instant Notes Medical Microbiology, Irving W, Boswell T, Ala Aldeen D, Taylor and Francis group, 2005
  • Medical virology- Morag C and Timbury M.C. X Edition. Churchill Livingstone, London. 1994
  • Text book of Microbiology, R Ananthnarayanan and C K J Paniker, 10th ed. Orient Longman Private Ltd, India, 2017

 

REFERENCES: 

SUGGESTED READINGS:

  • Microbiology A Human Perspective, Nester E.W., Roberts CE, Nester MT, Wm. C. McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing, 2009
  • Medical Microbiology-Jawetz E., Melnik J.L., Adelberg E. A., 26th edition, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2013
  • Bailey and Scott’s Diagnostic Microbiology, Patricia M Tille 15th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier, 2022
  • Medical Microbiology and Immunology: Examination and Board Review (7th edition), Warren Levinson and Ernst Jawetz, Mc Graw Hill, 2002
  • Mackie and McCartney practical medical microbiology. Mackie, T. J., Collee, J. G., & McCartney, J. E. 14th ed., New Delhi (India): Elsevier 2007

 

e RESOURCES:

 

JOURNALS:

  • Journal of Clinical Microbiology
  • Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology
  • Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine
  • Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 
  • Frontiers in Microbiolog
Academic Year: 
2022-2023
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