RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY:
Principles and methods of recombinant DNA technology.,
cloning, sequencing, polymerase chain reaction,cloning in E.coli, plasmids, bacteriophages and cosmid vectors, cloning strategies, genomic and cDNA library; cloning in yeast: transformation in yeast, yeast vector development: Yep, YRp, YCp and YIp, 2m plasmid, yeast artificial chromosome (YAC), retrovirus like vector (Ty) in east/shuttle vector; features of yeast promoter and expression of cloned genes; yeast 2-hybrid system; plasmid shuffling to explore interactive domains of multimeric proteins; the cassette model for mating type switches and silencing of genes.
RNA – BASED TECHNOLOGIES
Antisense RNA, Antisense oligonucleotides ,RNAi in plants and fungi, application of RNAi for studying gene expression,functional screening with RNAi libraries. Nanobiotechnology
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY:
Identifying new genes with metagenomics, culture enrichment for environmental samples, sequence-dependent techniques for metagenomics, Function or activity-based evaluation of the environment. Ecology and metagenomics, Natural attenuation of pollutants
Bioinformatics Molecular databases- primary and secondary databases,Sequence alignment techniques, scoring systems – dynamic programming, similarity searching using BLAST and FASTA. EMBOSS tools for DNA and protein sequence analysis |
Phylogenetics
MSA and phylogenetic analysis, methods of phylogenetic tree construction, Bootstrapping technique protein structure analysis and modeling