History and scope of Toxicology
1. Environmental Toxicology
2. Economic Toxicology
3. Forensic Toxicology
Different areas of Toxicology
Classification of Toxic Agents
Disposition of Toxicants
Mechanisms of Toxicity
· Delivery
· Absorption
· Distribution
· Excretion
· Cellular Dysfunctions and resultant toxicities
· Repair or Dysrepair
Biotransformation of Xenobiotics
· Phase I Enzymes (Hydrolysis, Reduction, Oxidation
Phase II Enzyme Reactions (Glucuronidation, Sulfation, Methylation, Acelylation, Amino-acid
Target Organ Toxicity
Physicochemical nature & Effect of Toxic Agents
· Pesticides
· Metals
Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification of Toxicants
Non-Organ-Directed Toxicity
Environmental Toxicology
Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecotoxicology
· Casarett and Daull’s Toxicology: The basic science of poisons. By : Curtis D. Klaassen 6th Edn., McGraw-Hill (Medical Publishing Div. NewYork
· Environmental Biotechnology – by. Indu Shekhar Thakur, I.K. International Pub.(2006)
· Toxicology, Principles and Applications: Raymond I.M.. CRC Publication.
· Microbial Ecology: Fundamentals and Applications by Atlas Bartha (An imprint of Addison Wesley Longman Inc)
· Environmental Microbiology: Maier R.M., Academic Press. 2000 Press, Cambridge. 1993.
· Environmental Science- A global concern; Cunningham W.P. and Saigo B.W Win. C. Brown Publishers, London, 1995.
· Advances in Industrial Waste Water Treatment; P.K. Goel; Technoscience Publications. Jaipur, 1999.
· An Introduction to Air Pollution; Trivedy R.K. and Goel P.K., Technoscience Publications, Jaipur, 1995.
· Problems of Environment Management in India; Goel M.M., Sharma M.C. and Purohit N.K; Anupriya Publishing House, Jaipur, 1999.
· Environmental Science (A study of interrelations); Enger E.D. and Smith B.F.; Win. C. Brown Pub. (Latest Edition).
Botkin D. And Keller E. Environmental Science. Earth as a Living Planet; Botkin D. And Keller E