Paper IV: Embryology and Teratology (Advance Paper-II)

Paper Code: 
LSC 144 B
Credits: 
04
Contact Hours: 
60
15.00

Teratogenesis

· General principle of teratology (genetic factors, critical period, initiating mechanism, consequences of abnormal development, Access to embryo and fetus- dose response relationship)

·Teratological mechanism (mutation, chromosomal abnormalities, mitotic interference, interference with nucleic acid function, nutritional deficiencies , altered energy, changes in osmolarity, changes in cell membrane, enzyme inhibition.)

·Teratogens; some specific examples.(Human and experimental animals)Transport and biotra

10.00
Reproductive Toxicology
  • Female reproduction (Hypothalamus, ovary assessment of female reproductive functions),
  • Male reproduction (Biology of male reproduction, assessment of male reproductive function)
  •  

 

10.00
Embryogenesis of Chick
  • Reproduction
  • Structure and chemistry of the fertilized egg
  • Cleavage
  • Blastulation
  • Gastrulation
  • Neurulation and tubulation

 

 
 

 

10.00

Development of chick according to the hours of incubation

  • 24hrs
  • 33 hrs
  • 48 hrs
  • 72 hrs
  • 96 hrs till hatching.
  • Extra embryonic membranes of chick-types and their development
15.00

Avian Teratology:

  • Acute Oral Toxicity Studies
  • Dietary Toxicity Studies
  • Endocrine Disruptor Studies
  • Embryotoxicity of Industrial Chemical on chick embryo
  • Physiological and Biological effects of pesticide residues in poultry 
  •  
 
ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
  • Developmental Biology:Scott F.Gilbert;Sinauer Associates,Inc.Publishers
  • An Introduction to Embryology:B.I.Balinsky:Thomson Brooks

 

Academic Year: 
2021-2022
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