PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY

Paper Code: 
BTE 225
Credits: 
5
Contact Hours: 
75
Objective: 

to enable students to-

  • understand the basics of Plant Biotechnology.
  • study various techniques used in Plant Tissue Culture.
  • become acquainted with the genetic manipulations in Plant tissues and use of different markers in Plant Biotechnology.
  • analyze various industrial applications of Plant Biotechnology.

 

13.00
Unit I: 
Introduction to plant tissue culture

Aseptic technique, Safety, Preparation and sterilization of apparatus & reagents, synthetic media, culture vessels used. Plant tissue culture: Concept of totipotency, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation.  Callus growth patterns/characteristics, organogenesis, hairy root culture. Somaclonal variations, somatic embryogenesis, synthetic seeds, anther and pollen culture, embryo culture and significance of haploid plants.

18.00
Unit II: 
Protoplast technology &micropropagation in plants

Isolation & fusion, somatic hybridization and cybrids. Production of virus free plants, Production of secondary metabolites, indexing for plant pathogens, Plant tissues culture and germplasm conservation. Material for Micropropagation, Advantages of Micropropagation, Types and Methods of Micropropagation and Applications of Micropropagation, Plant tissue culture techniques for crop improvement.

20.00
Unit III: 
Gene delivery methods in intact and cultured tissues and cells

Agrobacterium mediated transformation, Ti and Ri Plasmid, Co-integration and Binary vectors, Direct DNA Uptake, Microinjection Delivery, use of 35S and other promoters, use of reporter genes. Techniques for production of transgenic plants resistant to herbicides, pathogens, pests and abiotic stresses (drought, salt & frost). PR Proteins, Nematode resistance, antifungal proteins, thionins, long shelf life of fruits & flowers, use of ACC synthase, polygalacturanase, ACC Oxidase, male sterility lines, bar & barnase system, carbohydrate composition & storage, ADP glucose, pyrophosphatase.

15.00
Unit IV: 
Choloroplast Transformation, Secondary Metabolites Production, Metabolic Engineering

Advantages, vectors, success with tobacco and potato.Metabolic engineering & industrial products. Plant secondary metabolites, control mechanisms & manipulation of phenylpropanoid pathway, alkaloids, industrial enzymes, biodegradable plastics, polyhydroxybutyrate, therapeutic proteins, lysosomal enzymes, antibodies, edible vaccines. Purification strategies, Oleosin partitioning technology

Unit V: 
Seed Biology

Seed biology, technology &role in agriculture, seed certification, seed banks, terminator gene technology & implications, plant as chemical & pharmaceutical factories, biosafety & GM food crops

ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
  1. Plant Biotechnology,  Hammond, P. McGarvey and V. Yusibov (Editors.) Springer Verlag, 2000.
  2. Plant Cell and Tissue Culture for the Production of Food ingredients. J. Fu, G. Singh, and W.R. Curtis (Editors), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Press.1999.
  3. Advanced Methods in Plant Biotechnology, David. R. Murray: Panima Publishing Corporation. 1996
  4. Plant, Genes and Crop Biotechnology. (2nd Editon), Marten J. Chrispeels & David E. Sadava,  Jones and Bartlett Publishers. 1999.
  5. Biotechnology – Secondary Metabolites, K.G. Ramawat, J.M Merllon:  Oxford & IBH publishing house Co. Pvt. Ltd. 2000
  6. Biotechnology in Crop improvement, H.S. Chawla, International Book Distributing Company, 1998.
  7. Practical Application of plant Molecular Biology, R.J. Henry, Chapman and hall.1997.
  8. Laboratory Manual for Plant Biotechnology, H.S Chawla Oxford & IBH publishing Co. Pvt Ltd. 2003
  9. Plant Biotechnology – The genetic manipulation of plants. Adrian Slater, Nigel Scott & Mark Fowler, Oxford University Press. 2003
  10. Plant Tissue Culture – Techniques & Experiments, (2nd edition) Roberta. H. Smith.  Elsevier. 2000
  11. Plant Molecular Biology – A Practical Approach. C. H. Shaw, IRL Press Ltd. 1988.
REFERENCES: 
  1. Molecular plant Biology- volume 1 & 2. Philip M. Gilmartin and Chris Bowler,  Oxford University Press. 2005
  2. Plant Tissue Culture. S.S. Bhojwani and M.K Razdan,  Elsevier. 2004
  3. Plant Biotechnology. J. Hammond, P. Mc Garvey & V. Yusibov,  Springer (India) Pvt Ltd. 2000
Academic Year: 
2016-2017
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