Vaccines

Paper Code: 
25BTE422C
Credits: 
02
Contact Hours: 
30
Objective: 

The objectives of this course are to abreast the students with the current developments in the area of vaccine technology.

 

Course Outcomes: 

CO191C: Understand fundamental concepts of human immune system and classify different types immunity

CO192C: Elaborate different immune responses to infections

CO193C: Apply the knowledge of immunity to describe immune responses to vaccination

CO194C: Elaborate different types of vaccines

CO195C: Discuss different conventional and new emerging vaccine technologies

CO196C: Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction

 

6.00
Unit I: 
Fundamentals of immune system
Overview of Immune system; Human Immune system: Effectors of immune system; Innate & Adaptive Immunity; Activation of the Innate Immunity; Adaptive Immunity; T and B cells in adaptive immunity; Immune response in infection; Correlates of protection.

 

9.00
Unit II: 
Immune response to infection

Protective immune response in bacterial; viral and parasitic infections; Primary and Secondary immune responses during infection; Antigen presentation and Role of Antigen presenting cells: Dendritic cells in immune response; Innate immune response; Humoral (antibody mediated) responses; Cell mediated responses: role of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells; Memory responses: Memory and effector T and B cells, Generation and Maintenance of memory T and B cells.

 

8.00
Unit III: 
Immune response to vaccination

Vaccination and immune response; Adjuvants in Vaccination; Modulation of immune responses: Induction of Th1 and Th2 responses by using appropriate adjuvants and antigen delivery systems - Microbial adjuvants, Liposomal and Microparticles as delivery systems; Chemokines and cytokines; Role of soluble mediators in vaccination; Oral immunization and Mucosal Immunity.

 

 

3.00
Unit IV: 
Vaccine types and design

History of vaccines, Conventional vaccines; Bacterial vaccines; Viral Vaccines; Vaccines based on routes of administration: parenteral, oral, mucosal; Live attenuated and inactivated vaccine; SubUNIT Vaccines and Toxoids; Peptide Vaccine.

 

4.00
Unit V: 
Vaccine technologies

New Vaccine Technologies; Rationally designed Vaccines; DNA Vaccination; Mucosal vaccination; New approaches for vaccine delivery; Engineering virus vectors for vaccination; Vaccines for targeted delivery (Vaccine Delivery systems); Disease specific vaccine design: Tuberculosis Vaccine; Malaria Vaccine; HIV/AIDS vaccine; New emerging diseases and vaccine needs (Ebola, Zika).

 

ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
  • Kuby’s Immunology, (8th Edition)-R.A. Goldsby, Thomas J. Kindt. Barbara, A. Osbarne, (Freeman) & Co. New York, 2018.
  • Clinical Immunology Brostoff, J., Seaddin, J. K., Male, D., & Roitt, I. M., London: Gower Medical Pub., 2002
  • Immuno Biology: the Immune System in Health and Disease, Janeway, C. A., Travers, P., Walport, M., & Shlomchik, M. J., USA: Garland Science Pub., 2005
  • Novel Vaccination Strategies. Kaufmann, S. H., Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2004

 

REFERENCES: 
  • Cellular and Molecular Immunology, (10th edition), Abbas, Litchman and Pober, Harcourt Brace and Company, 2017
  • Medical Microbiology and Immunology: Examination and Board Review, (8th edition), Warren Levinson and Ernst Jawetz, Mc Graw Hill, 2004
  • The Immune System, Parham, P., New York: Garland Science, 2005

 

 

Academic Year: 
2025-2026
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