VIROLOGY, MYCOLOGY AND PHYCOLOGY

Paper Code: 
MBL 225
Credits: 
05
Contact Hours: 
75
Objective: 

 

Course Outcomes

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

 
 

Upon completion of the course the learner will:

CO 63: Acquaint with general virology and classification, identify major categories of microorganisms and analyze their diversity, and ubiquity

CO 64: Evaluate and apply general methods of diagnosis and serology of viruses.

CO 65: Acquaint with epidemology  of plant and animal viruses.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

CO 66: Learn and Predict replication strategy of viruses based on genome composition.

CO 67: Remember, assess and apply mycological and phycological techniques.

Interactive Lectures, Discussion, Tutorials, Reading assignments, Self-learning assignments, Effective questions, Giving tasks

Class test, Semester end examinations, Quiz, Solving problems in tutorials, Assignments, Presentation, Individual and group projects

  
 
10.00
Unit I: 
General Virology
  • Brief outline on discovery of viruses; nomenclature and classification of viruses- Baltimore and schemes of ICTV/ICNV; distinctive properties of viruses (plant, animal and prokaryote); morphology and ultra-structure; capsids & their arrangements; types of envelops and their composition-viral genome; Virus related particles – viroids, prions.

 

15.00
Unit II: 
Cultivation, Diagnosis and serology
  • Cultivation of viruses in embryonated eggs, experimental animals , cell cultures; Primary & secondary cell cultures; suspension cell cultures and monolayer cell cultures; cell lines and transgenic systems; serological methods - heamagglutination& HAU; compliment fixation ;immunofluorescenemethods, ELISA and Radioimmunoassay; assay of viruses physical and chemical methods (Protein, nucleic acid, radioactivity, trackers, electron microscopy)-Infectivity assay (plaque method, end point method)- Infectivity of plant viruses.
20.00
Unit III: 
Animals and Plant Viruses
  • An overview of replicative cycle of animal viruses
  • Plant viruses: Effect of viruses on plants, Appearance of plants; histology, physiology and cytology of plants; common virus disease of plants eg. paddy (Rice Tungro, Rice Hozablanca), tomato (Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl, Tomato Mottle) and sugarcane (Sugarcane Mosaic); Transmission of plant virus with vectors (insects, nematodes, fungi) and without vectors (contact, seed and pollens), Prevention of crop loss due to virus infection- virus free planting material; vector control.
15.00
Unit IV: 
Mycology
  • An Introduction to fungi-History, general features of fungi, Classification of fungi, according to Aiansworth and Sussman (1974) as per UGC classification with the general aspects of Major division of fungi Nutrition of fungi, Vitamin requirements, Homothallism, Heterothallism, Heterokaryosis, The Parasexual cycle, Sex Hormones in Fungi. Fungi as insect symbiont. Mycotoxins and Mycotoxicoses.
15.00
Unit V: 
Phycology
  • An introduction to Algae, General features and classification of algae. Occurrence, thallus organization and reproduction in chlorophyceaeeuglenophyceae, phaeophyceae,pyrrophyceae and diatoms.
  • Algal ecology & biotechnology. Economic importance of algae. Lichen, ascolichen, basidiolichen, deuterolichen
ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
  • Dimmock, N.J. and Primrose, S.B. Introduction to Modern Virology. VI. Edition, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. 2007.
  • Pelczar, M. J., Reid, R. D., & Chan, E. C.  Microbiology (5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. 2001.
  • Willey, J. M., Sherwood, L., Woolverton, C. J., Prescott, L. M., & Willey, J. M. Prescott’s Microbiology. New York: McGraw-Hill. 2011.
  • Matthai, W., Berg, C. Y., & Black, J. G. Microbiology, Principles and Explorations. Boston, MA: John Wiley & Sons. 2005.
  • Mehrotra, R.S. and Aneja, K.R.  An Introduction to Mycology, New Age International Publishers. 2015.
  • Mathews, R.E.  Functionals of plant virology. Academicpress, San Diego. 2012.
  • Principles of Virology, Fourth Edition by J Flint & V Racaniello & G Rall & A M Skalka. ASM Press, 1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC 20036-2904, USA 2008.
REFERENCES: 

SUGGESTED READINGS:

  • Fields Virology Vol 1 and 2. B.N. Fields, D.M. Knipe, P.M. Howley, R.M. Chanock, J.L. Melnick, T.P. Monath, B. Roizman, and S.E. Straus, eds.), 3rd Edition. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, PA.
  • Principles of Virology: Molecular Biology, Pathogenesis, and Control of Animal Viruses. S. J. Flint, V. R. Racaniello, L. W. Enquist, V. R. Rancaniello, A. M. Skalka. Latest edition / Pub. Date: December 2003 Publisher: American Society Microbiology--- Chapters 3-13.
  • Laboratory Animal Medicine: Principles and Procedures. Margi Sirois. Latest edition / Pub. Date: November 2004. Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences.
  • Virology: 1994. 3rd ed. Frankel Conrat et al, Prentice Hall.
  • Introduction to Modern Virology. 5th ed. Dimmock et al., Blackwell Scientific Publ. 2001.
  • Basic Virology, By Waginer and M. Hewlett, Blackwell Science Publ. 1999.
  • Plant viruses- Kenneth M. Smith.Universal Book Stall, New Delhi.1999
  • Plant Diseases of viral, viroid, Mycoplasma and uncertain etiology- Karl.Maramarosch. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, Bombay, Calcutta.
  • An Introduction to Mycology (III edition) Alexopopulos CJ and Mims CW, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, 1979.

 

e RESOURCES:

 

JOURNALS:

  • Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology And Environmental Sciences
  • Indian Journal of Microbiology
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
Academic Year: 
2022-2023
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