Cell wall structure and synthesis, cell membrane,. Flagella and motility, chemotaxis Pili, Cell inclusions like Glycogen granules, Volutin granules, Carboxysomes etc, Slime sheet and capsule.

Endospre structure and formation, stages of sporulation, activation germination and outgrowth of bacterial endospres

General characters and structure of Spirochetes, cyanobacteria, purple and green bacteria, rickettsia, Chlamydia and mycoplasma                                                               

Gram positive bacteria- endospore forming bacteria, actinomycetes, mycobacteria. Archaebacteria-methanotrophs, halophiles and sulphur bacteria.

The definition of growth, mathematical expression of growth, growth curve, measurement of growth and growth yields, Synchronous growth, Continuous, Batch and Fed Batch Culture; Growth as affected by environmental factors like temperature, pH , activity of water and gaseous environment, maintenance and preservation of microorganisms

Classification of microorganisms-introduction,Haekels three kingdom concept- Whittaker’s five kingdom concept-three domain concept of Carl Woese Characteristics of primary domains

Classification and salient features of bacteria according to Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology(a brief outline)

Morphlogical types of bacteria

Nutritional classification of bacteria

Chemotaxonomy (cell wall components, isoprenoid - quinones, amino acid sequence of

proteins, protein profiles, cytochrome composition , ribosomal RNA, etc)

 Genetic methods in taxonomy (PCR and DNA Fingerprinting as Identification Tools for

Bacteria, DNA base composition and hybridisation,  nucleic acid hybridization, ribotyping; Ribosomal RNA sequencing, molecular chronometers)

Culture collections