Principles of Biochemistry

Paper Code: 
BTE 101
Credits: 
03
Contact Hours: 
45
Objective: 

This paper will enable students to understand -

 

  1. The nature of biological material and hierarchy of molecular organization of cells. 
  2. The thermodynamic principles underlying biochemical reactions and the function of macromolecules. 
  3. The students will learn the concept of enzyme catalysis, reaction mechanism and regulation of  enzyme activity

Course Outcomes (COs):

 

 

Course

Learning outcome (at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strateg

Paper Code

Paper

Title

 

BTE 101

Fundam

entals of

Bioche mistry

CO 1 Understand the concepts of electrolytes and electrolytic dissociation, pH and its biological significance, buffers, Henderson.Hasselbalch equation, biological buffer systems and their importance.

 

CO 2 Understand the laws of thermodynamics , concepts of entropy, enthalpy and free energy  changes and their application to biological systems and various biochemical studies and reactions. 

 

         

CO 3 Overview of major biomolecules –carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, aminoacids, nucleic acids, classification. 

 

CO 4 Structure, function of the

above mentioned biomolecules 

 

 

CO 5 Conceptual knowledge of properties, structure, function of enzymes, enzyme kinetics and

their regulation 

Approach in teaching: Interactive

Lectures,

Discussion,

Tutorials, Reading assignments, presentations

 

Learning activities for the students:

Self learning assignments, Effective questions, Seminar presentation, Giving tasks.

 

C A test, Semester end examinations,

Quiz, Assignments,

Classroom interaction

 

 

10.00
Unit I: 
Nature of Biomolecules and Thermodynamics
  • Cell:  Chemical components, Molecular Hierarchy 
  • Types of interactions in molecular and supramolecular complexes
  • Laws of thermodynamics, Nature of biochemical reactions and G values, Reversible and Irreversible reactions
  • Water and the aqueous environment
  • Buffers: Concept of pH, pK, acids, bases

 

7.00
Unit II: 
Carbohydrates
  • Structure of monosaccharide (trioses, pentoses & hexoses), disaccharides (sucrose, maltose, lactose), polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose, peptidoglycan)
  • Fundamental Properties: Stereoisomerism and mutarotation

 

 

11.00
Unit III: 
Nucleic Acids & Proteins
  • Biochemical structure of nucleic acid
  • Biological functions of Nucleic Acids. The central Dogma and its exceptions 
  • Structure of essential and non-essential amino acids
  • Peptide bond, structural hierarchy of protein
  • Protein classification on the basis of structure and function                                
  • Biological functions of proteins

 

7.00
Unit IV: 
Lipids
  • Structure and nomenclature of fatty acids
  • Classification of lipids (triacylglycerols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols)
  • Membrane lipids
  • Biological functions of lipids

 

10.00
Unit V: 
Enzymes
  • Classification and nomenclature of enzymes                                                      
  • Mechanism of enzyme action, Michaelis- Menton kinetics
  • Coenzymes, Enzyme inhibition, Allosteric enzymes
  • Regulation of enzyme activity

 

ESSENTIAL READINGS: 
  • Biochemistry, D.Voet and J.G.Voet, John Wiley & Sons, 2nd Edition, 1995.
  • Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson and Cox, 3rd Edition, 1999.
  • Principles and Techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Edited by Keith Wilson and John Walker, Cambridge University Press, 6th Edition, 2007.
  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology by W.H. Elliot and Daphne C. Elliot, Oxford University Press, 3rd Edition, 2005.
  • Biochemistry, J. David Rawn, Panima Publishing Corporation, 1st Indian Reprint, 2004.
  • Physical Biochemistry, D Friefelder, W.H. Freeman & Company, 17th Reprint, 1999.
  • Understanding Chemistry, CNR Rao, Universities Press, Hyderabad 1999. 
  • A Biologist's Guide to Principles and Techniques of Practical Biochemistry, K.Wilson & KH Goulding, ELBS Edition 1986. 
  • Essentials of Molecular Biology, David Friefelder, Jones and Barllett Publications,7th Reprint, 2001. 
  • EncyCOpedia of Molecular Biology, J.Kendrew, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. 
  • Instant Notes- Biochemistry by B.D. Hames and N.M. Hooper, Viva Books Pvt, Ltd., 1st Indian Edition, 2001.

 

 

Academic Year: 
2021-2022
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